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 Understanding HF Skywave Propagation 
 All-in-One HF Propagation Resource

Overview for Radio Hams
How do radio skywaves travel through the ionosphere?
Radio Propagation Forecast

Practical Approach   |   Theory-based Tutorial

Global vs Regional
HF Propagation Conditions

How propagation conditions are affected by
Space Weather | Solar Activity | Ionosphere

Revised May 2024 in light of
the last remarkable blackout event

A Conclusive Summary
A brief review

Hebrew: חובבי רדיו - התפשטות גלים - חיזוי תנאי תקשורת

   
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Listen to the same question in different languages:

How do radio skywaves travel through the ionosphere?

  1. Cantonese (Chinese):
    無線電天波點樣穿過電離層？

  2. Chinese (simplified):
    无线电天波如何穿过电离层？

  3. Chinese (traditional):
    無線電天波如何穿過電離層？

  4. Hakka (Chinese):
    Zeitindah radio van thlichia hna cu ionosphere chungin an kal?

  5. Bengali:
    কিভাবে রেডিও আকাশ তরঙ্গ আয়নোস্ফিয়ারের মধ্য দিয়ে ভ্রমণ করে?

  6. Gujarati:
    રેડિયો આકાશી તરંગો આયનોસ્ફિયરમાંથી કેવી રીતે પસાર થાય છે?

  7. Hindi:
    रेडियो आकाश तरंगें आयनमंडल से होकर कैसे गुजरती हैं?

  8. Marathi:
    आयनोस्फीअरमधून रेडिओ आकाश लहरी कशा प्रवास करतात?

  9. Malayalam:
    റേഡിയോ ആകാശ തരംഗങ്ങൾ അയണോസ്ഫിയറിലൂടെ എങ്ങനെയാണ് സഞ്ചരിക്കുന്നത്?

  10. Odia (Oriya):
    ଆୟନୋସ୍ଫିୟର ଦେଇ ରେଡିଓ ଆକାଶ ତରଙ୍ଗ କିପରି ଯାତ୍ରା କରେ?

  11. Punjabi (Gurmukhi):
    ਰੇਡੀਓ ਅਸਮਾਨ ਤਰੰਗਾਂ ਆਇਨੋਸਫੀਅਰ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਯਾਤਰਾ ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ?

  12. Tamil:
    ரேடியோ வான அலைகள் அயனோஸ்பியர் வழியாக எவ்வாறு பயணிக்கின்றன?

  13. Telugu:
    రేడియో స్కై తరంగాలు అయానోస్పియర్ గుండా ఎలా ప్రయాణిస్తాయి?

  14. Thai:
    คลื่นวิทยุเดินทางผ่านชั้นบรรยากาศไอโอโนสเฟียร์ได้อย่างไร?

  15. Czech:
    Jak se rádiové vlny šíří ionosférou?

  16. Polish:
    W jaki sposób fale radiowe przemieszczają się przez jonosferę?

  17. Dutch:
    Hoe reizen radiogolven door de ionosfeer?

  18. English:
    How do radio skywaves travel through the ionosphere?

  19. Basque:
    Nola ibiltzen dira irrati-zeruko uhinek ionosferan zehar?

  20. French:
    Comment les ondes radio du ciel voyagent-elles dans l’ionosphère ?

  21. Galician:
    Como viaxan as ondas do ceo de radio pola ionosfera?

  22. Italian:
    Come viaggiano le onde radio celesti attraverso la ionosfera?

  23. Spanish:
    ¿Cómo viajan las ondas de radio a través de la ionosfera?

  24. Portuguese (Brazil):
    Como as ondas de rádio do céu viajam pela ionosfera?

  25. Portuguese (Portugal):
    Como é que as ondas de rádio do céu viajam pela ionosfera?

  26. Irish:
    Conas a thaistealaíonn tonnta raidió tríd an ianaisféar?

  27. Finish:
    Kuinka radiotaivaan aallot kulkevat ionosfäärin läpi?

  28. Norwegian:
    Hvordan beveger radiohimmelbølger seg gjennom ionosfæren?

  29. Swedish:
    Hur rör sig radiohimmelvågor genom jonosfären?

  30. Estonian:
    Kuidas levivad raadiotaevalained läbi ionosfääri?

  31. Lithuanian:
    Kaip radijo dangaus bangos sklinda per jonosferą?

  32. Hugarian:
    Hogyan terjednek az égbolt rádióhullámai az ionoszférán?

  33. Turkish:
    Radyo gök dalgaları iyonosferde nasıl hareket eder?

  34. Hawaiian:
    Pehea ka holo ʻana o nā nalu lewa lewa ma ka ionosphere?

  35. Filipino:
    Paano naglalakbay ang mga radio sky wave sa ionosphere?

  36. Malay:
    Bagaimanakah gelombang langit radio bergerak melalui ionosfera?

  37. Arabic:
    كيف تنتقل الموجات الراديوية السماوية عبر طبقة الأيونوسفير?

  38. Malay (Jawi):
    باڬايمانا ڬلومبڠ لاڠيت راديو برجالن ملالوءي ايونوسفير?

  39. Punjabi (Shahmukhi):
    ریڈیو اسکائی لہراں آئنو کرہ چوں کیویں لنگھدیاں نیں?

  40. Uygur:
    رادىئو ئاسمىنى دولقۇنى قانداق قىلىپ ئىئونوسفېرانى ئايلىنىپ ئۆتىدۇ?

  41. Urdu:
    ریڈیو آسمانی لہریں آئن اسپیئر میں کیسے سفر کرتی ہیں?

  42. Hebrew:
    כיצד מתפשטים גלי רדיו באמצעות היונוספירה?

    43. Audio not available yet:

  43. Mongolian:
    Радио тэнгэрийн долгион ионосфероор хэрхэн дамждаг вэ?
    Phonetic: Radio tengeriin dolgion ionosfyeroor kherkhen damjdag ve?

  44. Haitian Creole:
    Ki jan onn syèl radyo yo vwayaje atravè ionosfè a?
    Phonetic:

  45. Mauritian:
    Kouma bann vag lesiel radio vwayaz atraver ionosfer?
    Phonetic:

  46. Georgian:
    როგორ მოძრაობენ რადიო ცის ტალღები იონოსფეროში?
    Phonetic:

  47. Kannada:
    ರೇಡಿಯೋ ಆಕಾಶ ತರಂಗಗಳು ಅಯಾನುಗೋಳದ ಮೂಲಕ ಹೇಗೆ ಚಲಿಸುತ್ತವೆ?
    Phonetic:

  48. Minang:
    Baa caronyo galombang langik radio malalui ionosfer?
    Phonetic: