4X4XM's Site Map

https://www.qsl.net/4x4xm updated: 20-September-2025
  1. ↑ Ham Radio Communications
  2. Navigation icon Simple and easy site navigation
  3. HF Propagation FAQ
  4. Ham Radio Propagation Overview
  5. Ham Radio Range Guide: How Far Can You Talk?
  6. Prediction vs Forecast of HF Band Conditions
  7. Regions vs. Layers: Earth's Atmosphere and Ionosphere
  8. Search Terms for HF Radio Propagation
  9. Scientific and Technical Concepts You Should Know
  10. Understanding HF Propagation:
    Forecast, Practice, Tutorial, Apps, Tools
    relaying dynamically online data with explanations.
    11. Featured page by The DXZone.com
  11. Understanding HF Propagation - The latest static snapshot
  12. Understanding HF Propagation - About
  13. Multilanguage: multilingual presentation
  14. התפשטות גלי רדיו בתחום ת"ג—HF
  15. Webmaster: Doron, 4X4XM - Personal Bio
Propagation
  1. A comparison between Radio and Light propagation phenomena
  2. A Quick Guide to HF Propagation Using Solar Indices
  3. An introduction to HF propagation
  4. Amateur Radio Propagation Today
  5. Band Conditions
  6. ChatGPT Compares forecasting tools for radio amateurs
  7. Compare DR2W propagation tool with VOACAP
  8. Current ham band conditions
  9. Current Ham Band Conditions Explained
  10. Current ham band propagation
  11. Current ham band propagation conditions
  12. Current ham radio conditions
  13. Current Hambands conditions
  14. Current ham radio condition charts
  15. Current HF Bands Conditions
  16. Current HF Propagation Conditions
  17. Current propagation
  18. DX band conditions
  19. DX conditions
  20. DX conditions now
  21. DX ham band conditions
  22. DX Propagation Online Map
  23. DX Propagation Prediction / Real-time HF Propagation Prediction
  24. Forecast ham band conditions
  25. Forecast short wave propagation conditions
  26. Forecasting propagation - tools for radio amateurs
  27. Ham band conditions
  28. Ham band map
  29. Ham conditions
  30. Ham propagation
  31. Ham radio condition
  32. Ham radio condition map
  33. Ham Radio HF Propagation Real Time
    Real-time MUF map for HF propagation predictions
  34. Ham Radio Propagation Charts
  35. Ham Radio Propagation Forecast
  36. Ham Radio Propagation Now
  37. Ham Radio Propagation: Solar Conditions
  38. Ham Radio YouTube Channels skywave propagation
  39. Ham Solar
  40. Ham solar conditions
  41. HF bands allocated for radio amateurs and their characteristics
  42. HF bands open now
  43. HF Propagation
  44. HF Propagation App
  45. HF Propagation Calculator
  46. HF Propagation Chart
  47. HF Propagation Condition Map
  48. HF Propagation Conditions - Global and Regional
  49. HF Propagation Expert
  50. HF Propagation Explained
  51. HF propagation for beginners
  52. HF Propagation for Newbees
  53. HF Propagation for Newbies
  54. HF propagation for radio hams
  55. HF Propagation Forecast
  56. HF Propagation Forecasting
  57. HF Propagation Modes
  58. HF Propagation Online Reports
  59. HF Propagation Overview
  60. HF Propagation Predictions
  61. HF Propagation Prediction Online
  62. HF Propagation Prediction Software
  63. HF Propagation Today
  64. HF Propagation Tools
  65. HF Propagation Widget
  66. HF Radio Propagation
  67. HF Radio Propagation for Radio Amateurs
  68. HF Radio Propagation Indices and Scales
  69. HF Radio Propagation Tutorial for Radio Amateurs
  70. HF Skywave Propagation For Radio Amateurs
  71. HF Radio Propagation Today
  72. Importance of HF Frequency Management
  73. Index of terms related to HF radio propagation
  74. Indicators of HF propagation and space weather
  75. Ionosphere Radio Wave Propagation (Skywaves)
  76. Live solar events and past solar activity
  77. NET vs. IRI ionospheric models
  78. Propagation conditions
  79. Propagation forecast
  80. Propagation indices
  81. Propagation of high frequency radio waves | The rebirth of HF
  82. Propagation of Short Radio Waves
  83. Propagation report
  84. Radio communication and the ionosphere
  85. Radio communication and the ionosphere
  86. Radio propagation charts
  87. Radio Wave Propagation Forecasting
  88. Real-time DX Reports * HF Propagation Prediction
  89. Real-time HF Propagation Reports
  90. Real-time propagation conditions
  91. Real-time propagation map
  92. Real-time radio propagation map
  93. Real-time Radio Propagation Reports
  94. Real-time reports of HF propagation
  95. Real-time reports of radio propagation
  96. Radio wave propagation today
  97. Real-time HF propagation charts
  98. Real-time reports of space weather
  99. Real-time space weather reports
  100. Shortwave Propagation
  101. Skywave concept
  102. Solar Activity & Ham Radio Propagation
  103. Solar Conditions & Ham Radio Propagation
  104. Solar Cycle Ham Radio
  105. Solar Flux Today
  106. Solar propagation
  107. Solar Storms Ham Radio
  108. Space Weather Nowcast Serge Y. Stroobandt, ON4AA
  109. Space Weather Predictions
  110. Skywave Propagation Today
  111. The Rebirth of Shortwave Radio Communication
  112. The Solar Flux Today
  113. Tools for Forecasting and Predicting HF Propagation Conditions for Radio Amateurs
  114. Types of radio wave propagation
  115. Understanding CF vs MUF
  116. Understanding Band Conditions Banners
  117. Understanding HF Radio Propagation
  118. Understanding LUF and MUF
  119. Understanding Skywave Propagation
  120. Weather influence on HF radio propagation
FAQ
  1. At what Kp index can I see aurora?
  2. Can HF Radio Propagation be predicted?
  3. How are current band conditions?
  4. How Can We Forecast HF Propagation Conditions?
  5. How do HF propagation indices correlate with solar activity, geomagnetic activity, and space weather?
  6. How do I find out what bands are open?
  7. How do solar flares cause geomagnetic storms?
  8. How do the seasons affect HF radio propagation?
  9. How does space weather affect ham radio?
  10. How does the ionosphere affect HF Radio Propagation?
  11. How long does it take for Solar Wind to reach earth?
  12. How to determine if a band is open?
  13. What are band conditions banners?
  14. What are DX clusters?
  15. What are electromagnetic waves?
  16. What are Geomagnetic Disturbances?
  17. What are Geomagnetic Storms?
  18. What are HF band conditions?
  19. What are ionospheric clouds?
  20. What are ionospheric conditions?
  21. What are ionospheric storms?
  22. What are propagation indices?
  23. What are Radio Blackouts?
  24. What are Radio Waves?
  25. What are Solar Flares?
  26. What are Solar Storms? How they induce Geomagnetic Storms?
  27. What are sprites in Earth's atmosphere?
  28. What are Sunspots?
  29. What are the current HF Propagation Conditions?
  30. What are the forecasting tools for HF radio propagation?
  31. What are the modes of HF Radio Propagation?
  32. What are the most common modes of HF Radio Propagation?
  33. What are the Solar Indices?
  34. What causes geomagnetic storms?
  35. What causes HF propagation?
  36. What causes ionospheric ionization?
  37. What factors influence HF Radio Propagation?
  38. What is Geomagnetic Activity?
  39. What is a geomagnetic disturbance?
  40. What is a Geomagnetic Storm?
  41. What is Earth magnetosphere?
  42. What is grayline propagation?
  43. What is ham radio communications?
  44. What is Ham Radio Propagation?
  45. What is HF Propagation
  46. What is HF Radio Propagation?
  47. What is HF Radio Propagation Prediction?
  48. What is HF Wave Propagation?
  49. What is ionization, in the context of HF radio propagation?
  50. What is LUF?
  51. What is MUF? How to predict MUF?
  52. What is NVIS? » Real-time NVIS Propagation Map
  53. What is plasma?
  54. What is radio propagation?
  55. What is sky wave propagation?
  56. What is skywave propagation?
  57. What is solar activity?
  58. What is solar flux index?
  59. what is solar wind?
  60. What is Space Weather?
  61. What is the current minimum usable frequency (LUF)?
  62. What is the current MUF?
  63. What is the difference between geomagnetic and ionospheric storms?
  64. What is the difference between global and regional HF propgation conditions?
  65. What is the difference between solar indices and propagation indices?
  66. What is the difference between solar proton flux and solar proton density?
  67. What is the difference between the Greyline and the Solar Terminator?
  68. What is the difference between the Magnetosphere and Earth's magnetic field?
  69. What is the magnetic field of Earth?
  70. What is total electron content (TEC)?
  71. When will HF band conditions improve?
  72. When will HF propagation conditions improve?
  73. When will propagation on HF improve?
  74. Which ham band is open now?
  75. Which ham bands are open now?
  76. Why are ham bands closed?
  77. Why is HF used for long range communication?
Books-and-Articles
  1. A Beginners Guide To Radio Propagation, Karl T. Thurber, W8FX (Popular Electronics 1998)
  2. A Primer on Space Weather
  3. A Simplified Model for HF Radio Wave Propagation for Middle East Region (2014)
  4. An Introduction to Ionosphere and Magnetosphere (Abstract)
  5. Australian Space Weather Alert System (2024)
  6. Basic Wave Propagation. Nor Hadzfizah Binti Mohd Radi (2017)
  7. Comparing Ionospheric MUF using IRI16 Model with Mid Latitude (2020)
  8. Correlation Between The Sunspot Numbers and Geomagnetic Parameters for The Solar Cycle 24
  9. Correlation analysis of Solar activity and Cosmic ray; J.Phys.Conf. (2017)
  10. Correlation-of-Sunspot-Numbers-and-Geomagnetic-Indices-with-Various-Climate-Change-Parameters-2024
  11. Critique of IONCAP's Reliability and Service Probability Calculations (1993)
  12. Detection-and-Localization-of-F-layer-Ionospheric-Irregularities-2022
  13. Equatorial-Spread-F_Ionospheric-dynamics-1962
  14. Geomagnetic-storm-and-equatorial-spread-F-2004
  15. HF Propagation 2, 4Z1VC Prof Yosi "Yosi" Pinhasi (2025)
  16. HamSCI: Space Weather Operational Resources and Needs of the Amateur Radio Community (2020)
  17. Introduction to HF Radio Propagation Australian Gov. (2007)
  18. Introduction to Ionospheric Modeling; Bruno Nava Presentation (2020)
  19. Ionospheric Propagation; Prof. Sean Victor Hum (2018)
  20. Ionospheric Radio Propagation by Kenneth Davies (1965)
  21. John Ashworth Aatcliffe; 12 December 1902 - 25 October 1987
  22. Modeling the Topside Ionosphere Observations by Satellites (2003)
  23. HF Propagation tutorial by Bob Brown, NM7M, Ph.D. from U.C.Berkeley
  24. NOAA’s Space-Based Space Weather Observations (2023) Erin Lynch and Nai-Yu Wang
  25. NVIS: Stephen C. Finch, AI0W (2008)
  26. Noji Article: Understanding the Band Conditions Banner; 2018-12-05
  27. Propagation and Radio Science, KL7AL, ARRL (2005)
  28. Propagation Modes by Ken Larson, KJ6RZ (2024)
  29. Radio Waves and the Ionosphere G3YWX QST 1999
  30. Radio Wave Propagation part 1 Introduction Marcel H De Canck ON5AU 2002
  31. Regional and Long Distance Ken Larson KJ6RZ 2010
  32. Sky Wave Propagation unknown author ch4 2010
  33. Solar UV and X ray spectral diagnostics 2018
  34. Space weather effects on communications systems, June 2020, Mark MacAlester, CISA
  35. Stanley article of the month QST June 2021
  36. Suggested Correlation Formula between High Possible Frequency (HPF) and Optimum Maximum Usable Frequency (OPMUF) over Middle East(2012)
  37. The Big Gun's Guide to Low Band Propagation A book by NM7M 2002
  38. The Little Pistol's Guide to HF Propagation_Robert R Brown_Worldradio Books_1996
  39. The New Dxers Handbook Third Edition, KL7UA, May 2021
  40. Understanding LF and HF propagation by G0KYA, G3NYK' RSGB (2010)
  41. Understanding Propagation by Paul L. Herrman, N0NBH; 11 July 2010
  42. Understanding Propagation WB5ANN
  43. Understanding Solar Indices by Ian Poole, G3YWX - QST - September 2002
Shortcasts — short podcasts
  1. Index of 4x4xm's Shortcasts
  2. Aurora Propagation MP3 Sound
  3. Backscatter Radio Propagation MP3 Sound
  4. Field-Aligned Irregularities Propagation MP3 Sound
  5. HF skywave propagation for amateur radio MP3 Sound 9 minutes
  6. HF skywave propagation for amateur radio MP4 Video 9 minutes
  7. HF skywave propagation for amateur radio Script
  8. Ionospheric Regions Solar Index Skywave Propagation MP3 Sound
  9. Meteor Scatter Radio Propagation MP3 Sound
  10. Propagation Modes Review MP3 Sound
  11. Propagation of radio waves explained MP3 Sound
  12. Propagation of radio waves summary MP3 Sound
  13. Solar activity and tools for radio hams MP4 Video 6 minutes
  14. Sporadic E Propagation MP3 Sound
  15. The fascinating world of HF skywave propagation
  16. Transequatorial Propagation MP3 Sound
  17. What Are Radio Waves? MP3 Sound
Find below audio clips in various languages (in alphabetical order):
  1. Arabic | عربي: التنبؤ بظروف الاتصال لهواة الراديو
  2. Chinese | 中国人: 预测无线电爱好者的通信条件 - 无线电波传播
  3. Dutch | Nederlands: Voorspelling van communicatievoorwaarden voor radioamateurs
  4. French | Français: Prévision des conditions de communication pour les radioamateurs
  5. German | Deutsch: Vorhersage der Kommunikationsbedingungen für Funkamateure
  6. Hebrew
    עברית: חיזוי התפשטות גלי רקיע - גלים בתדר גבוה (ת"ג) - חובבי רדיו - תנאי תקשורת
  7. Hindi | हिंदी: ेडियो शौकीनों के लिए संचार स्थितियों का पूर्वानुमान लहर प्रसार
  8. Italian | italiana: Previsione delle condizioni di comunicazione per radioamatori
  9. Japanese | 日本語: アマチュア無線家の通信状況を予測する
  10. Korean | 한국인: 아마추어 무선 통신 조건 예측
  11. Portuguese | Português: Previsão de condições de comunicação para radioamadores
  12. Spanish | española: Predicción de las condiciones de comunicación para radioaficionados
  13. Russian | Русский: Прогнозирование условий связи для радиолюбителей распространение волн
Total visits since 17 August 2022.

Repeat visits counted as new after 24 hours.

Flag counter site maybe down! all time
Visits (per day) since 17-August-2022
The number of site visits increased during
ionospheric events that disrupt HF radio propagation.


Visits (per day) during the last 3 months.


Visits (per day) during the last month.


Hourly visits today