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ISLAND
DIRECTORY
Islands of New Caledonia (France)
Art
-
including Pott (157m) [1176]
Group: Belep Islands
Archipelago: New Caledonia
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 19.75º S Long : 166.65º E
Area: 52.6 sq. km
Altitude: 283 m
Shoreline: 49.2 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
0.9354
Depth to
nearest land: <200 m
Nearest island: 50 km group: 50 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1200 km Isolation Index: 49
ISLAND
TYPE:
continental Natural
Protection Indicator: 0
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 2
Marine:
5
Serpentine scrub; coral reefs and
lagoons
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
5
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
0
SPECIAL
FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
turtle nesting area
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 692 (1974)
Density: 13.2 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 1.2%/yr
Increasing slowly
Major Human
Activities: subsistence fishing,
subsistence agriculture
Accessibility: airport
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
DATA
RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 4
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 7 Moderate
CI-Marine: 4 Low
Last
updated:
19/11/88
Balabio
[1174]
Group: Archipelago: New Caledonia
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 20.15º S Long : 164.20º E
Area: 32.7 sq. km
Altitude: 277 m
Shoreline: 34.0 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
1.0398
Depth to
nearest land: < 50 m
Island only isolated since last ice age
Nearest
island: 7
km group: 7 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1250 km Isolation Index: 41
ISLAND
TYPE:
continental Natural
Protection Indicator: 2
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
5
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
0
HUMAN
OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0
Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 4
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 8 Moderate
CI-Marine: 3 Low
Last
updated:
19/11/88
Chesterfield - including Avon, Long,
Loup, Bampton Reef [1430]
Group: Archipelago: Chesterfield Islands
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 19.50º S Long : 158.50º E
Area: 0.0 sq. km
Altitude: ? m
Depth to nearest land: 2000 m
Nearest island: 600 km group: 600 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 850 km Isolation Index: 78
ISLAND
TYPE: low
coral islets on reefs Natural
Protection Indicator: 5
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 1
Marine:
10
Atoll scrub; windward and leeward atoll
reefs, patch reefs, lagoons
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
20 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES
RICHNESS:
Species Richness Indicator -
Terrestrial: 0
Marine:
4
few
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
0
Marine
endemic species: 1 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 1
Group:
1
SPECIAL
FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
major seabird rookery turtle nesting
area
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited
Population: 0
Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Conservation support: government support,
tenure
DATA RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 8 Moderate
CI-Marine: 27 High
Last
updated:
18/11/88
D'Entrecasteaux Reefs - including Huon,Fabre,Le
Leizour,Surprise [1431]
Group: Archipelago: New Caledonia
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 18.20º S Long : 163.10º E
Area: 0.7 sq. km
Altitude: 4 m
Depth to nearest land: >201 m
Nearest island: 190 km group: 220 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 800 km Isolation Index: 57
ISLAND
TYPE:
atoll-like, and low coral
Natural Protection Indicator: 2
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones common
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 1
Marine:
5
Atoll scrub; windward and leeward
barrier reefs, patch reefs and lagoons
Percent shoreline: Coral Reef: 99% Mangrove: 0% Species Richness Indicator -
Terrestrial: 0
Marine:
4
SPECIAL
FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 2 Marine: 0
seabird rookery turtle nesting area
turtle nesting area on Huon may be largest in Pacific
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Uninhabited, visited
Population: 0
Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: former phosphate mining,
turtle hunting, fishing
Conservation
support:
tenure, legislation
DATA
RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 5 Low
CI-Marine: 14 Moderate
Last updated: 18/11/88
Isle of
Pines (Kounie, Ile de Pins) - including Koutoumo
[476]
Group:
Archipelago: New Caledonia
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 22.60º S Long : 167.47º E
Area: 141.4 sq. km
Altitude: 110 m
Shoreline: 70.7 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
0.5000
Depth to
nearest land: <100 m
Nearest island: 45 km group: 100 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1200 km Isolation Index: 51
ISLAND
TYPE:
continental and raised coral
Natural Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Continental centre
surrounded by raised coral, plateau at 107 m
CLIMATE: subtropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 5
Marine:
5
Lowland limestone rain forest,
serpentine scrub; barrier reef, fringing reefs, patch reefs, lagoon bottoms
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
0 |
0 |
1 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF
CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Birds: Drepanoptila
holosericea (Cloven-feathered Dove, Pigeon Vert) monospecific genus, group
endemic (also New Caledonia), Vulnerable (RDB) common locally Eopsaltria
flaviventris (Yellow-bellied Robin) group endemic, New Caledonia and Isle of
Pines Pachcephala caledonica (New Caledonian Whistler) group endemic, New
Caledonia and Isle of Pines Erythrura psittacea (Red-throated Parrot-Finch)
group endemic, New Caledonia and Isle of Pines Zosterops xanthocroa (New
Caledonia White-eye) group endemic, New Caledonia and Isle of Pines Species Richness Indicator -
Terrestrial: 2
Marine:
4
ENDEMISM:
Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
5
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
2
SPECIAL
FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
coastal stands of Araucaria,
particular scenic beauty
HUMAN
OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 1159 (1974)
Density: 8.2 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 1.2%/yr
Increasing slowly
Major Human
Activities: subsistence agriculture,
tourism
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Former penal colony
Accessibility: airport
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
Conservation
support:
legislation
DATA RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 1
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 4
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 12 Moderate
CI-Marine: 18 High
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 19/11/88
Lifou
[489]
Group: Archipelago: Loyalty Islands
Country: France - New Caledonia - Loyalty
Islands Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 20.95º S Long : 167.20º E
Area: 1146.2 sq. km
Altitude: 85 m
Shoreline: 221.1 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
0.1929
Depth to
nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 100 km group: 75 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 850 km Isolation Index: 48
ISLAND
TYPE:
raised coral Natural
Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Raised former atoll
with coastal cliffs, lower in centre
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones, tsunamis (4 m
in 1875)
Threat
Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 2
Marine:
2
Lowland limestone forest, Araucaria
coastal forest; fringing reefs
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
40 |
2 |
0 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF
CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Birds: 40 species,
including: Zosterops inornata (Large Lifou White-eye) endemic Zosterops minuta
(Small Lifou White-eye) endemic 1 extinct subspecies: Turdus poliocephalus
pritzbueri Aplonis striatus ssp., group endemic subspecies, Loyalty Islands
SPECIES RICHNESS: Species Richness Indicator -
Terrestrial: 1
Marine:
0
good
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 1
Group:
1
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
0
INVASIVE
SPECIES:
Invasive Species
Indicator: 4
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 7215 (1974)
Density: 6.3 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 1.2%/yr
Increasing slowly
Major Human
Activities: subsistence agriculture
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Proposal (1980) for
wood-fired generating plant
Accessibility: airport
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
DATA
RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 8
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 7 Moderate
CI-Marine: 3 Low
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 19/11/88
Mare
[488]
Group: Archipelago: Loyalty Islands
Country: France - New Caledonia - Loyalty
Islands Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 21.50º S Long : 168.00º E
Area: 656.6 sq. km
Altitude: 129 m
Shoreline: 140.0 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
0.2132
Depth to
nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 40 km group: 75 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 850 km Isolation Index: 44
ISLAND
TYPE:
raised coral and volcanic
Natural Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Raised coral island
with coastal cliffs, two small volcanic buttes in middle
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 4
Marine:
2
Lowland limestone forest, savanna,
Araucaria coastal forest; fringing reef
SPECIES OF
CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Birds: Aplonis
striatus ssp., group endemic subspecies 1 extinct subspecies: Turdus
poliocephalus mareensis Species Richness
Indicator - Terrestrial: 3
Marine:
0
ENDEMISM:
Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
1
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
0
INVASIVE
SPECIES:
Invasive Species
Indicator: 4
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 3789 (1974)
Density: 5.8 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 1.2%/yr
Increasing slowly
Major Human
Activities: subsistence agriculture
HUMAN IMPACTS:
Accessibility: airport
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
DATA
RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 8
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 9 Moderate
CI-Marine: 2 Low
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 19/11/88
New
Caledonia (Grand Terre) [495]
Group:
Archipelago: New Caledonia
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 21.40º S Long : 165.50º E
Area: 16648.4 sq. km
Altitude: 1618 m
Shoreline: 1248.8 km (scale
1:2000000) Coastal
Index:
0.0750
Submerged
area <100 m: 0 sq. km
Reef area: 8000 sq. km
Lagoon area: 16000 sq. km
Depth to nearest land: 2000 m
Nearest island: 1100 km group: 400 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 1200 km Isolation Index: 88
ISLAND
TYPE:
continental, some raised coral
Natural Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Continental fragment
with ultramafic intrusions and high mineralization, extensive serpentine soils
and laterites, 40% of the world's nickel reserves, chrome, cobalt and other
minerals; mountainous interior, steep relief on the northeast coast, more
gradual relief on the southwest coast; very extensive barrier reef and lagoon
complex, partly sunken and discontinuous on northeast coast.
CLIMATE: seasonal
tropical
WATER BALANCE: periodic drought, water
supplies limited in west
CATASTROPHIC
THREATS:
cyclones; frequent fires in drier areas
Threat Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 40
Marine:
20
Coastal forest (remnants); lowland rain
forest with relict species, largely disturbed; submontane rain forest at
400-1,000m; dry coniferous forest with Araucaria and other gymnosperms; cloud
forest; riverine and swamp forests; many types of ultrabasic/serpentine
vegetation almost entirely endemic; fire- maintained grasslands and savannas
with Melaleuca; many fresh-water habitats; extensive mangroves (200 sq. km);
rich and diverse coral reefs and lagoons with extensive barrier reefs.
Botanically unique, many endemic species of great scientific interest, small
population sizes and localized distributions. Fauna numerically small but of
great interest, including cagou selected by IUCN as world's most important
priority for bird conservation. Islets in south of lagoon with seabird
rookeries; petrel and shearwater colonies breeding at high altitude.
Forest Mangroves
Percent
shoreline: Coral Reef: 90% Mangrove: -9%
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
3250 |
2474 |
168 |
| Butterflies |
64 |
10 |
0 |
| Land snails |
153 |
153 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
29 |
23 |
0 |
| Land birds |
68 |
20 |
4 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF
CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Plants: partial list
of threatened taxa includes: Blechnum obtusatum francii (Blechnaceae) endemic
variety, Indeterminate Doodia gracilis (Blechnaceae) endemic, Rare Cyathea
cicatricosa (Cyatheaceae) endemic, Rare Cyathea stelligera (Cyatheaceae)
endemic, Indeterminate 44 endemic species of gymnosperm, including: Agathis
montana (Araucariaceae) endemic, Rare Araucaria luxurians (Araucariaceae)
endemic, Rare Araucaria nemorosa (Araucariaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Araucaria
schmidii (Araucariaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Callitris sulcata (Cupressaceae)
endemic, Vulnerable Libocedrus chevalieri (Cupressaceae) endemic, Vulnerable
Libocedrus yateensis (Cupressaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Neocallitropsis pancheri
(Cupressaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Dacrydium guillauminii (Podocarpaceae)
endemic, Endangered Dacrydium lycopodioides (Podocarpaceae) endemic, Rare
Decussocarpus minor (Podocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Podocarpus decumbens
(Podocarpaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Podocarpus longefoliolatus (Podocarpaceae)
endemic, Rare Podocarpus lucienii (Podocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Podocarpus
polyspermus (Podocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Agathis lanceolata (Araucariaceae)
endemic, exploited nearly to extinction in south Parasitaxus ustus, parasitic
gymnosperm known from 15 sites some threatened angiosperms include:
Graptophyllum balansae (Acanthaceae) endemic, Rare Graptophyllum ophiolithicum
(Acanthaceae) endemic, Rare Hemigraphis neocaledonica (Acanthaceae) endemic,
Rare Semecarpus riparius (Anacardiaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Unona
tiebaghiensis (Annonaceae) endemic, Rare Alyxia integricarpa (Apocynaceae)
endemic, Rare Alyxia spathulata (Apocynaceae) endemic, Rare Alyxia vieillardii
(Apocynaceae) endemic, Rare Cerberiopsis neriifolia (Apocynaceae) endemic, Rare
Melodinus insulae-pinorum (Apocynaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Neisosperma
seventii (Apocynaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Neisosperma thiollierei (Apocynaceae)
endemic, Vulnerable Rauvolfia spathulata (Apocynaceae) endemic, Rare Pseudopanax
scopoliae (Araliaceae) endemic, Rare Marsdenia balansae (Asclepiadaceae)
endemic, Rare Balanops balansae (Balanopaceae) endemic, Rare Canarium whitei
(Burseraceae) endemic, Rare Oceanopapaver neo-caledonicum (Capparaceae) endemic,
Rare Terminalia gatopensis (Combretaceae) endemic, Rare Turbina inopinata
(Convolvulaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Weinmannia ouaiemensis (Cunoniaceae)
endemic, Rare Chorizandra gigantea (Cyperaceae) endemic, Endangered Elaeocarpus
biflorus (Elaeocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Elaeocarpus castanaefolius
(Elaeocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Elaeocarpus colnettianus (Elaeocarpaceae)
endemic, Rare Elaeocarpus kaalensis (Elaeocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Elaeocarpus
moratii (Elaeocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Sloanea koghiensis (Elaeocarpaceae)
endemic, Rare Sloanea lepida (Elaeocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Sloanea suaveolens
(Elaeocarpaceae) endemic, Rare Dracophyllum alticola (Epacridaceae) endemic,
Rare Dracophyllum cosmelioides (Epacridaceae) endemic, Rare Dracophyllum
ouaiemense (Epacridaceae) endemic, Rare Styphelia enervia (Epacridaceae)
endemic, Rare Agapetes neo-caledonica (Ericaceae) endemic, Indeterminate
Eriocaulon longipedunculatum (Eriocaulaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Baloghia
anisomera (Euphorbiaceae) endemic, Rare Bocquillonia arborea (Euphorbiaceae)
endemic, Rare Cocconerion balansae (Euphorbiaceae) endemic, Rare Nothofagus
baumanniae (Fagaceae) endemic, Rare Nothofagus discoidea (Fagaceae) endemic,
Vulnerable Casearia kaalaensis (Flacourtiaceae) endemic, Rare Xylosoma
gigantifolium (Flacourtiaceae) endemic, Rare Xylosoma peltatum (Flacourtiaceae)
endemic, Vulnerable Cyrtandra mareensis (Gesneriaceae) endemic, Rare Scaevola
coccinea (Goodeniaceae) endemic, Endangered Adenodaphne spathulata (Lauraceae)
endemic, Rare Cryptocarya bitriplinerva (Lauraceae) endemic, Endangered
Cryptocarya longifolia (Lauraceae) endemic, Rare Endiandra lecardii (Lauraceae)
endemic, Rare Litsea imbricata (Lauraceae) endemic, Rare Litsea longepedunculata
(Lauraceae) endemic, Indeterminate Litsea miana (Lauraceae) endemic, Rare
Serianthes germainii (Leguminosae) endemic, Endangered Utricularia canacorum
(Lentibulariaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Ficus cataractarum (Moraceae) endemic,
Rare Streblus sclerophyllus (Moraceae) endemic, Rare Rapanea grandifolia
(Myrsinaceae) endemic, Rare Tapeinosperma amplexicaule (Myrsinaceae) endemic,
Rare Tapeinosperma aragoense (Myrsinaceae) endemic, Rare Cloezia deplanchei
(Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Jambosa aff. longifolia (Myrtaceae) endemic,
Vulnerable Metrosideros dolichandra (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Metrosideros
humboldtiana (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Tristaniopsis polyandra (Myrtaceae)
endemic, Rare Tristaniopsis vieillardii (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Xanthostemon
francii (Myrtaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Xanthostemon glaucum (Myrtaceae)
endemic, Indeterminate Xanthostemon grisei (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare
Xanthostemon gugerlii (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Xanthostemon longipes
(Myrtaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Xanthostemon sebertii (Myrtaceae) endemic,
Indeterminate Xanthostemon sulfureum (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Xanthostemon
vieillardii (Myrtaceae) endemic, Rare Dendrobium munificum (Orchidaceae)
endemic, Indeterminate Megastylis latissima (Orchidaceae) endemic, Rare 31
endemic species of palms: Actinokentia divaricata (Palmae) endemic, Rare
Actinokentia huerlimannii (Palmae) endemic, Indeterminate Alloschmidia glabrata
(Palmae) endemic, Rare Basselinia gracilis (Palmae) endemic, Rare Basselinia
pancheri (Palmae) endemic, Rare Basselinia sp. (= -Cyphokentia humboldtiana-)
(Palmae) endemic, Rare Basselinia sp. nov. 1 (Mt. Ignambi) (Palmae) endemic,
Indeterminate Basselinia sp. nov. 2 (Mt. Boulinda) (Palmae) endemic, Rare
Basselinia sp. nov. 3 (Mt. des Sources, Nekando) (Palmae) endemic, Rare
Basselinia sp. nov. 4 (Mt. Nakada) (Palmae) endemic, Indeterminate Basselinia
surculosa (Palmae) endemic, Rare Basselinia tomentosa (Palmae) endemic, Rare
Basselinia velutina (Palmae) endemic, Rare Brogniartikentia lanuginosa (Palmae)
endemic, Rare Brogniartikentia vaginata (Palmae) endemic, Rare Burretiokentia
hapala (Palmae) endemic, Vulnerable (RDB) Burretiokentia vieillardii (Palmae)
endemic, Rare Campecarpus fulcitus (Palmae) endemic, Rare Chambeyronia lepidota
(Palmae) endemic, Rare Chambeyronia macrocarpa (Palmae) endemic, Rare
Clinosperma bractealis (Palmae) endemic, Rare Cyphokentia macrostachys (Palmae)
endemic, Rare Cyphophoenix elegans (Palmae) endemic, Rare Cyphophoenix nucele
(Palmae) endemic, Rare (RDB) Cyphosperma balansae (Palmae) endemic, Rare
Kentiopsis oliviformia (Palmae) endemic, Endangered Lavoixia macrocarpa (Palmae)
endemic, Endangered Mackeea magnifica (Palmae) endemic, Rare Moratia cerifera
(Palmae) endemic, Rare Pritchardiopsis jeanneneyi (Palmae) endemic, presumed
Extinct until one individual found in 1983, Endangered Veillonia alba (Palmae)
endemic, Rare Pandanus clandestinus (Pandanaceae) endemic, Rare Pandanus lacuum
(Pandanaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Beauprea congesta (Proteaceae) endemic, Rare
Beauprea crassifolia (Proteaceae) endemic, Rare Kermadecia pronyensis
(Proteaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Macadamia vieillardii (Proteaceae) endemic,
Rare Stenocarpus dumbeensis (Proteaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Stenocarpus
villosus (Proteaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Alphitonia erubescens (Rhamnaceae)
endemic, Rare Bikkia kaalaensis (Rubiaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Bikkia
lenormandii (Rubiaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Bikkia pachyphylla (Rubiaceae)
endemic, Endangered Captaincookia margaretae (Rubiaceae) endemic, Endangered,
restricted to one small site Cyclophyllum tenuipes (Rubiaceae) endemic,
Vulnerable Neofranciella pterocarpon (Rubiaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Citrus
neo-caledonica (Rutaceae) endemic, Vulnerable Citrus oxanthera (Rutaceae)
endemic, Endangered Euodia wagapensis (Rutaceae) endemic, Rare Geijera
salicifolia (Rutaceae) endemic, Rare Oxanthera undulata (Rutaceae) endemic,
Indeterminate Sarcomelicope sarcococca (Rutaceae) endemic, Endangered Zieria
chevalieri (Rutaceae) endemic, Endangered Exocarpos baumannii (Santalaceae)
endemic, Rare Exocarpos spathulatus (Santalaceae) endemic, Rare Cossinia
trifoliolata (Sapindaceae) endemic, Endangered Podonephelium parvifolium
(Sapindaceae) endemic, Rare Storthocalyx sordidus (Sapindaceae) endemic, Rare
Iteiluma leptostylidifolium (Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare Iteiluma rheophytopsis
(Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare Planchonella contermina (Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare
Planchonella kaalaensis (Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare Planchonella koumaciensis
(Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare Planchonella pronyensis (Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare
Planchonella vieillardii (Sapotaceae) endemic, Rare Solanum hugonis (Solanaceae)
endemic, Vulnerable Solanum insulae-pinorum (Solanaceae) endemic, Vulnerable
Solanum pseuderanthemoides (Solanaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Solanum
vaccinioides (Solanaceae) endemic, Rare Sphenostemon oppositifolium
(Sphenostemonaceae) endemic, Indeterminate Deltaria brachyblastophora
(Thymelaeaceae) endemic, Endangered Gmelina lignum-vitreum (Verbenaceae)
endemic, Indeterminate Oxera crassifolia (Verbenaceae) endemic, Rare Insects
Micropterygidae (primitive moths) Agathiphagidae (moths, seed miners on Agathis)
64 species of butterflies (including Loyalty Islands), 11 endemic Euploea
helcita, endemic to New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands Delias ellipsis (Pieridae)
endemic, forest Papilio montrouzieri (Papilionidae) endemic, forest Polyura
clitarchus (Charaxinae) endemic, forest Polyura gamma (Charaxinae) endemic,
forest, localized Graphium gelon (Papilionidae) endemic, forest Nacaduba
deplorans (Lycaenidae) endemic, lateritic soils, infrequent Psychonotis purpurea
(Lycaenidae) endemic, rare Elodina signata (Pieridae) endemic, forest and dry
woodland Paratisiphone lyrnessa (Satyrinae) endemic, southern vegetation
Austroypthima petersi (Satyrinae) endemic, southern vegetation 55 species of
Odonata (dragonflies and damselflies), mostly endemic, in mountains Other
invertebrates estimated 200-400 land snails of which 153 described, entirely
endemic, often with localized distributions, including: 11 fresh-water species
23 land prosobranchs 20 bulimulids 49 endodontids 24 paryphantids 19
miscellaneous endemic pulmonates there are 18 introduced land snails, including
Achatina fulica and Euglandina rosa Reptiles-Amphibians 29 species of lizards,
including 4 endemic genera, 23 endemic species: 13 geckos including:
Eurydactylodes symmetricus (Gekkonidae) endemic genus Eurydactylodes vieillardi
(Gekkonidae) endemic genus Rhacodactylus auriculatus (Gekkonidae) endemic genus
Rhacodactylus chahoua (Gekkonidae) endemic genus Rhacodactylus ciliatus
(Gekkonidae) endemic genus Rhacodactylus leachianus (Gekkonidae) endemic genus
Rhacodactylus sarasinorum (Gekkonidae) endemic genus Rhacodactylus
trachyrhynchus (Gekkonidae) endemic genus 15 skinks including: Eugongylus
bocourti (Scincidae) endemic, known by type only Eugongylus haraldmeieri
(Scincidae) endemic Leiolopisma austrocaledonicum (Scincidae) endemic?
Leiolopisma atropunctatum (Scincidae) ? Leiolopisma greeri (Scincidae) endemic
Leiolopisma nigrofasciolatum (Scincidae) endemic Leiolopisma novaecaledoniae
(Scincidae) endemic Leiolopisma steindachneri (Scincidae) endemic Leiolopisma
tricolor (Scincidae) endemic Leiolopisma variabile (Scincidae) endemic no snakes
Birds: Rhynochetos jubatus (Kagu) monotypic endemic family, undisturbed forest
in wetter areas, Endangered (RDB), 500-1000 (1984) Drepanoptila holosericea
(Cloven-feathered Dove, Pigeon Vert) monospecific genus, group endemic (also on
Isle of Pines), forested hills, Vulnerable (RDB), common in north, reduced to
small populations in south. Ducula goliath (Notou, Giant Imperial Pigeon)
endemic, montane forest (formerly also on Isle of Pines), Vulnerable (RDB)
Accipiter haplochrous (New Caledonian Sparrowhawk) endemic, common Tricholimnas
lafresnayanus (New Caledonian Wood Rail) endemic, probably extinct (not sighted
for 100 years) Charmosyna diadema (New Caledonian Lorikeet) endemic, probably
extinct Eunymphicus cornutus cornutus (New Caledonian Horned Parakeet) endemic
subspecies, uncommon but widespread Aegotheles savesi (New Caledonian
Owlet-nightjar) endemic * Megalurulus mariei (New Caledonian Grass Warbler)
endemic genus, in scrub Eopsaltria flaviventris (Yellow-bellied Robin) group
endemic, forests Pachcephala caledonica (New Caledonian Whistler) group endemic,
forests Gymnomyza aubryana (Red-faced or Crow Honeyeater, Meliphage Noir)
endemic, little known and local, small population Phylidonyris (Guadalcanaria)
undulata (Barred Honeyeater) endemic, uncommon Philemon diemenensis
(Oiseau-Moine) endemic Erythrura psittacea (Red-throated Parrot-Finch) group
endemic Coracina analis (New Caledonian Cuckoo-shrike or Greybird) endemic, Rare
Zosterops xanthocroa (New Caledonia White-eye) group endemic Corvus moneduloides
(New Caledonian Crow) endemic Aplonis striatus striatus endemic subspecies
Marine life: 252 species of marine algae, including at least 8 endemics 2
endemic volute molluscs: Cymbiolacea deshayesi, endemic Cymbiolacea rossiniana,
endemic 5 endemic cones, including: Conus marmoreus crosseanus, endemic
SPECIES RICHNESS: Species Richness Indicator -
Terrestrial: 5
Marine:
2
very rich and unique
ENDEMISM: Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 6
Group:
5
very high
Marine endemic species: 8 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 3
Group:
2
some
SPECIAL FEATURES : Special Features Indicator - Terrestrial: 3 Marine: 1
seabird rookeries
botanically unique; unusual endemic birds; barrier reef
INVASIVE SPECIES: Invasive Species Indicator: 4
Javan deer, feral pigs, dogs and
cats, snails
Plants: many invasive species such as guava, lantana, Lucaena
Other invertebrates: 18 introduced land snails, including: Achatina fulica
(Gaint African Snail) Euglandina rosa (carniverous snail) Mammals: extensive
cattle grazing, plus many feral animals (pigs, dogs, cats); introduced Javan
deer
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited, Noumea with
urban/industrial development
Population: 130000 (1983)
Density: 7.8 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 1.2%/yr
Increasing slowly
Major Human
Activities: nickel mining/refining,
government, cattle, coffee
HUMAN
IMPACTS:
Extensive deforestation, pasture and agricultural development, only 10% of
forest undisturbed and still diminishing; widespread surface mining and mineral
exploration at higher elevations along ridges with pollution of watersheds;
urban development around Noumea.
Habitat: urban centre, towns,
villages Urban Pop: 60000 Urban Indicator: 4
Accessibility: port, airport
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
Conservation
support:
legislation, government support, tenure
PROTECTED
AREAS:
Protected Area Coverage Indicators -
Terrestrial: 1 Marine: 0
Number:
18 Area: Terrestrial: 621.8 sq. km
Marine: 467 sq. km
Riviere
Bleue Territorial Park (9,045 ha), proposed enlargement upper Pourina (4,000 ha)
Thy Territorial Park (1,133 ha) Montagne des Sources Strict Nature Reserve
(5,870 ha) Yves Merlet Marine Reserve (22,925 ha) (CRD) Aoupine Fauna Reserve
(5,400 ha) Haute Yate Fauna Reserve (6,855 ha) Lepredour Islet Fauna Reserve
(760 ha) Mont Humboldt Botanical Reserve (3,200 ha) Mont Mou Botanical Reserve
(675 ha) Mont Panie Botanical Reserve (5,080 ha) Pam Island Faunal Reserve (460
ha) Southern Botanical Reserve (4,466 ha) Maitre and Amedee Islets Reserve (774
ha) (CRD) Marine Fauna Rotating Reserve (30,000 ha) (CRD) Tangadiou
Reafforestation Area (1016 ha) Col d'Amieu Table Unio Forest Reserve (12,000 ha)
Tiponite Forest Reserve (1085 ha) Mont Mou Forest Reserve (4363 ha) Proposed
protected areas: park near Bourail between Col des Roussettes and Col d'Amieu
Gatope Reef reserve Mengolia Reef reserve Hienghene-Ouaiene Reef reserve Povila
Forest Park
DATA RELIABILITY: data good but
quantitatively inadequate Data Rel.
Indicator: 3
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 12
CONSERVATION
IMPORTANCE INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 80 Outstanding
CI-Marine: 35 High
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 07/05/89
Ouen
[1175]
Group: Archipelago: New Caledonia
Country: France - New Caledonia Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 22.50º S Long : 168.80º E
Area: 38.1 sq. km
Altitude: 332 m
Shoreline: 38.4 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
1.0079
Depth to
nearest land: 50 m
Nearest island: 1 km group: 1 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 800 km Isolation Index: 30
ISLAND
TYPE:
continental Natural
Protection Indicator: 0
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones
Threat Indicator: 1
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 3
Marine:
5
Scrub, savanna, Araucaria stands;
fringing reefs, patch reefs, lagoon, algal beds. Species Richness Indicator -
Terrestrial: 2
Marine:
3
ENDEMISM:
Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
5
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
2
HUMAN
OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 0
Density: 0.0 persons/sq. km
Major Human Activities: subsistence agriculture
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
DATA
RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 4
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 11 Moderate
CI-Marine: 16 High
Last
updated:
19/11/88
Ouvea
[475]
Group: Archipelago: Loyalty Islands
Country: France - New Caledonia - Loyalty
Islands Region: Oceania 4
Lat: 20.60º S Long : 166.60º E
Area: 133.5 sq. km
Altitude: 39 m
Shoreline: 127.9 km (scale
1:500000) Coastal
Index:
0.9581
Depth to
nearest land: 1000 m
Nearest island: 45 km group: 75 km
Nearest continent: Australia Distance: 850 km Isolation Index: 45
ISLAND
TYPE:
atoll with some raised coral
Natural Protection Indicator: 0
GEOLOGY/SOILS:
Tilted atoll with
raised coral on one rim, sunken reef on other
CLIMATE: tropical
CATASTROPHIC THREATS: cyclones, fires
Threat Indicator: 2
ECOSYSTEMS:
Number of Ecosystems - Terrestrial: 5
Marine:
5
Lowland limestone rain forest, scrub,
atoll forest; mangroves; windward and leeward atoll reefs, fringing reef,
lagoon.
| SPECIES NUMBERS: |
Total |
Endemic |
Threatened (EVRI) |
| Plants |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Butterflies |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land snails |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Rept/Amphib |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Land birds |
0 |
1 |
1 |
| Mammals |
0 |
0 |
0 |
SPECIES OF
CONSERVATION INTEREST:
Birds: Eunymphicus
cornutus uveaensis (Ouvea Horned Parakeet) endemic subspecies, Endangered (RDB)
less than 200 (1974).
ENDEMISM:
Terrestrial: Terrestrial Endemism Indicator - Island: 1
Group:
1
Marine
endemic species: 0 Marine Endemism Indicator - Island: 0
Group:
0
INVASIVE
SPECIES:
Invasive Species
Indicator: 4
HUMAN OCCUPATION: Inhabited
Population: 2374 (1974)
Density: 17.8 persons/sq. km
Growth Rate: 1.2%/yr
Increasing slowly
Major Human
Activities: subsistence agriculture,
subsistence fishing,, former tourism
HUMAN
IMPACTS:
Habitat: villages
Urban Pop: 0 Urban Indicator: 0
Accessibility: airport
Percent population in
agr/mining/fishing: 33%
Human Threat Indicator: 1
Gross Domestic
Product:
$ 6761 per capita Economic Pressure
Indicator: 3
Conservation
support:
public support
DATA RELIABILITY: Data Rel. Indicator: 2
HUMAN IMPACT
INDEX HI: 9
CONSERVATION IMPORTANCE
INDEX CI-Terrestrial: 5 Low
CI-Marine: 5 Moderate
REFERENCES:
Last updated: 19/11/88
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